Calculators
Appeal Deadline Calculator
Appeal deadlines begin running the day after notification of the decision and vary by jurisdiction (civil, criminal, administrative, enforcement). Missing the deadline finalizes the decision.
Why Does the Deadline Vary by Jurisdiction?
Appeal and cassation deadlines are set separately in each branch's own procedural code: the Code of Civil Procedure for civil cases, the Code of Criminal Procedure for criminal cases, the Administrative Procedure Act for administrative cases, and the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Act for appeals against enforcement court decisions. As a result, two decisions of different types notified on the same day can have different final days. In criminal cases, since a 2024 amendment, the appeal and cassation period is two weeks and runs from service of the judgment together with its reasoning, not from its pronouncement (Code of Criminal Procedure Arts. 273 and 291).
Effect of the Judicial Recess
The judicial recess from 20 July to 31 August affects deadlines differently by jurisdiction. In civil cases subject to the recess, a deadline that ends during the recess is deemed extended by one week from the day the recess ends (Code of Civil Procedure Art. 104); matters heard during the recess, such as maintenance and employment cases, do not get this extension (Art. 103). In criminal proceedings, deadlines do not run during the recess and are deemed extended by three days from its end (Code of Criminal Procedure Art. 331). This tool does not account for the recess, so deadlines falling within this period should be checked separately.
Can a Missed Deadline Be Restored?
Where a party misses a deadline through no fault of their own, because of an obstacle beyond their control (serious illness, a natural disaster, and the like), they may apply for restoration of the deadline (Code of Civil Procedure Art. 95). The application must be made, by petition together with evidence of the ground relied on, within two weeks of the obstacle ceasing to exist (Articles 96-97).
The Effect of a Defective Service of Process
Where service of process was not carried out in accordance with the procedure set by law, the date the addressee actually learns of the decision is treated as the date of service (Notification Act Art. 32) — the deadline then runs from that actual date of knowledge, not the date recorded as service. This typically arises from an address error on the notice or the addressee not being present at that address.
Appeal vs. Cassation
An appeal is a fresh review of the decision by the regional court of appeal on both the facts and the law; the court may take further evidence where necessary. Cassation, by contrast, is the Court of Cassation's review of the decision on questions of law only; it does not re-examine the evidence, only whether the law was correctly applied.
Appeal/Cassation Deadlines by Jurisdiction
| Jurisdiction | Deadline | Basis |
|---|---|---|
| Civil — Appeal | 14 days (2 weeks) | CCP Art. 345 |
| Civil — Cassation | 14 days (2 weeks) | CCP Art. 361 |
| Criminal — Appeal | 14 days (2 weeks, from service of the reasoned judgment) | CCP (Criminal) Art. 273 |
| Criminal — Cassation | 14 days (2 weeks, from service of the reasoned judgment) | CCP (Criminal) Art. 291 |
| Administrative/Tax — Appeal | 30 days | APA Art. 45 |
| Administrative — Cassation | 30 days | APA Art. 46 |
| Enforcement court — Appeal | 14 days (2 weeks) | EBA Art. 363 |
Appeal vs. Cassation
| Criterion | Appeal | Cassation |
|---|---|---|
| Reviewing body | Regional Court of Appeal | Court of Cassation |
| Scope of review | Facts + law | Questions of law only |
| Further evidence | Possible in limited circumstances | Not possible |
| Deadline (civil cases) | 2 weeks (Art. 345) | 2 weeks (Art. 361) |
Source Legislation
The links below go to the official, current text of the law on the Turkish Presidency's Legislation Information System.
Last updated: September 11, 2026
Frequently Asked Questions
When does the appeal deadline start running?
It starts the day after the decision is notified to the parties.
What happens if the deadline is missed?
The decision becomes final; the right to appeal is lost except in exceptional cases such as restoration of rights.
Does the judicial recess affect it?
Yes, but differently by jurisdiction: in civil matters subject to the recess, a deadline ending during the recess is extended by one week from its end (Code of Civil Procedure Art. 104); in criminal matters, deadlines do not run during the recess and are extended by three days from its end (Code of Criminal Procedure Art. 331). This tool does not account for the recess — check separately.
In a criminal case, does the appeal period start when the judgment is pronounced?
No. Since a 2024 amendment, the appeal and cassation period in criminal cases is two weeks from service of the judgment together with its reasoning (Code of Criminal Procedure Arts. 273 and 291).
Is the objection period for enforcement proceedings the same?
No; objecting to an enforcement order generally has a 7-day period governed by its own separate rules.
What can I do if I missed the deadline through no fault of my own?
You may apply for restoration of the deadline; the application must be made by petition within two weeks of the obstacle ceasing to exist (Code of Civil Procedure Art. 95-97).
If service of process was defective, when does the deadline start?
From the date the addressee actually learned of the decision, not the recorded date of service (Notification Act Art. 32).
What is the difference between appeal and cassation?
An appeal reviews the decision on both the facts and the law; cassation is the Court of Cassation's review of legal correctness only, without re-examining the evidence.
What if the last day of the deadline falls on a weekend?
The deadline extends to the next working day (Art. 93); this tool takes that rule into account when calculating.